wasm gc: implement String.intern

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/WasmGCModuleGenerator.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmFunctionReference;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmGetGlobal;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmGetLocal;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmSetGlobal;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.WasmGCSupport;
 import org.teavm.model.MethodReference;
 import org.teavm.model.ValueType;
@@ -168,6 +169,23 @@ public class WasmGCModuleGenerator {
         return caller;
     }
 
+    public WasmFunction generateReportGarbageCollectedStringFunction() {
+        var entryType = ValueType.object(StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry");
+        var function = declarationsGenerator.functions().forStaticMethod(new MethodReference(
+                StringInternPool.class.getName(),
+                "remove",
+                entryType,
+                ValueType.VOID
+        ));
+        var caller = new WasmFunction(function.getType());
+        var entryLocal = new WasmLocal(declarationsGenerator.typeMapper().mapType(entryType));
+        caller.add(entryLocal);
+        caller.getBody().add(callInitializer());
+        caller.getBody().add(new WasmCall(function, new WasmGetLocal(entryLocal)));
+        declarationsGenerator.module.functions.add(caller);
+        return caller;
+    }
+
     private void createInitializer() {
         if (initializer != null) {
             return;

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/WasmGCTarget.java

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import org.teavm.backend.wasm.render.WasmBinaryRenderer;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.render.WasmBinaryStatsCollector;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.render.WasmBinaryVersion;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.render.WasmBinaryWriter;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.transformation.gc.BaseClassesTransformation;
 import org.teavm.dependency.DependencyAnalyzer;
 import org.teavm.dependency.DependencyListener;
@@ -209,6 +210,13 @@ public class WasmGCTarget implements TeaVMTarget, TeaVMWasmGCHost {
         var charAtFunction = moduleGenerator.generateCharAtFunction();
         charAtFunction.setExportName("charAt");
 
+        var internMethod = controller.getDependencyInfo().getMethod(new MethodReference(String.class,
+                "intern", String.class));
+        if (internMethod != null && internMethod.isUsed()) {
+            var removeStringEntryFunction = moduleGenerator.generateReportGarbageCollectedStringFunction();
+            removeStringEntryFunction.setExportName("reportGarbageCollectedString");
+        }
+
         moduleGenerator.generate();
         adjustModuleMemory(module);
 
@@ -257,4 +265,12 @@ public class WasmGCTarget implements TeaVMTarget, TeaVMWasmGCHost {
     public boolean needsSystemArrayCopyOptimization() {
         return false;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean filterClassInitializer(String initializer) {
+        if (initializer.equals(StringInternPool.class.getName())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 }

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/gc/StringInternDependencySupport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2024 Alexey Andreev.
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.teavm.backend.wasm.gc;
+
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
+import org.teavm.dependency.AbstractDependencyListener;
+import org.teavm.dependency.DependencyAgent;
+import org.teavm.dependency.MethodDependency;
+import org.teavm.model.MethodReference;
+import org.teavm.model.ValueType;
+
+public class StringInternDependencySupport extends AbstractDependencyListener {
+    private static final MethodReference STRING_INTERN = new MethodReference(String.class, "intern", String.class);
+
+    @Override
+    public void methodReached(DependencyAgent agent, MethodDependency method) {
+        if (method.getMethod().getReference().equals(STRING_INTERN)) {
+            var query = agent.linkMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class, "query",
+                    String.class, String.class));
+            query.getVariable(1).propagate(agent.getType("java.lang.String"));
+            query.use();
+
+            var entryTypeName = StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry";
+            var remove = agent.linkMethod(new MethodReference(
+                    StringInternPool.class.getName(),
+                    "remove",
+                    ValueType.object(entryTypeName),
+                    ValueType.VOID));
+            remove.getVariable(1).propagate(agent.getType(entryTypeName));
+            remove.use();
+
+            var clinit = agent.linkMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class, "<clinit>",
+                    void.class));
+            clinit.use();
+
+            var getValue = agent.linkMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry",
+                    "getValue", ValueType.parse(String.class)));
+            getValue.getResult().propagate(agent.getType(String.class.getName()));
+        }
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/gc/WasmGCDependencies.java

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ public class WasmGCDependencies {
         contributeMathUtils();
         contributeExceptionUtils();
         contributeInitializerUtils();
+        contributeString();
         analyzer.addDependencyListener(new WasmGCReferenceQueueDependency());
     }
 
@@ -107,4 +108,8 @@ public class WasmGCDependencies {
     private void contributeInitializerUtils() {
         analyzer.linkMethod(new MethodReference(WasmGCSupport.class, "nextCharArray", char[].class)).use();
     }
+
+    private void contributeString() {
+        analyzer.addDependencyListener(new StringInternDependencySupport());
+    }
 }

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generate/gc/classes/WasmGCClassGenerator.java

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructGet;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructNew;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructNewDefault;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructSet;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.WasmGCSupport;
 import org.teavm.dependency.DependencyInfo;
 import org.teavm.model.ClassHierarchy;
@@ -173,7 +174,8 @@ public class WasmGCClassGenerator implements WasmGCClassInfoProvider, WasmGCInit
         this.names = names;
         this.classInitializerInfo = classInitializerInfo;
         standardClasses = new WasmGCStandardClasses(this);
-        strings = new WasmGCStringPool(standardClasses, module, functionProvider, names, functionTypes);
+        strings = new WasmGCStringPool(standardClasses, module, functionProvider, names, functionTypes,
+                dependencyInfo);
         supertypeGenerator = new WasmGCSupertypeFunctionGenerator(module, this, names, tagRegistry, functionTypes);
         newArrayGenerator = new WasmGCNewArrayFunctionGenerator(module, functionTypes, this, names, queue);
         typeMapper = new WasmGCTypeMapper(classSource, this, functionTypes, module);
@@ -1138,6 +1140,10 @@ public class WasmGCClassGenerator implements WasmGCClassInfoProvider, WasmGCInit
                 fields.add(wasmField);
             }
         }
+        if (className.equals(StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry")) {
+            var field = new WasmField(WasmType.Reference.EXTERN.asStorage(), "nativeRef");
+            fields.add(field);
+        }
         if (className.equals("java.lang.Class")) {
             var cls = classSource.get("java.lang.Class");
             classFlagsOffset = fields.size();

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generate/gc/classes/WasmGCClassInfoProvider.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ public interface WasmGCClassInfoProvider {
     int CUSTOM_FIELD_OFFSETS = 2;
     int ARRAY_DATA_FIELD_OFFSET = 2;
     int WEAK_REFERENCE_OFFSET = 2;
+    int STRING_POOL_ENTRY_OFFSET = 5;
 
     WasmGCClassInfo getClassInfo(ValueType type);
 

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generate/gc/methods/WasmGCGenerationVisitor.java

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructSet;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmTest;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmThrow;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmUnreachable;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.model.ClassHierarchy;
 import org.teavm.model.ElementModifier;
 import org.teavm.model.FieldReference;
@@ -539,6 +540,9 @@ public class WasmGCGenerationVisitor extends BaseWasmGenerationVisitor {
 
     @Override
     protected boolean needsClassInitializer(String className) {
+        if (className.equals(StringInternPool.class.getName())) {
+            return false;
+        }
         return context.classInfoProvider().getClassInfo(className).getInitializerPointer() != null;
     }
 

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generate/gc/methods/WasmGCMethodGenerator.java

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ public class WasmGCMethodGenerator implements BaseWasmFunctionRepository {
             var printWriter = new PrintWriter(buffer);
             e.printStackTrace(printWriter);
             diagnostics.error(new CallLocation(method.getReference()),
-                    "Failed generating method body due to internal exception: " + buffer.toString());
+                    "Failed generating method body due to internal exception: " + buffer);
         }
     }
 

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generate/gc/strings/WasmGCStringPool.java

@@ -29,12 +29,15 @@ import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmLocal;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmMemorySegment;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmModule;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmCall;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmDrop;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmGetGlobal;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmGetLocal;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructNewDefault;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructSet;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.render.WasmBinaryWriter;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.WasmGCSupport;
+import org.teavm.dependency.DependencyInfo;
 import org.teavm.model.MethodReference;
 
 public class WasmGCStringPool implements WasmGCStringProvider, WasmGCInitializerContributor {
@@ -46,15 +49,17 @@ public class WasmGCStringPool implements WasmGCStringProvider, WasmGCInitializer
     private WasmFunction initNextStringFunction;
     private WasmGCNameProvider names;
     private WasmFunctionTypes functionTypes;
+    private DependencyInfo dependencyInfo;
 
     public WasmGCStringPool(WasmGCStandardClasses standardClasses, WasmModule module,
             BaseWasmFunctionRepository functionProvider, WasmGCNameProvider names,
-            WasmFunctionTypes functionTypes) {
+            WasmFunctionTypes functionTypes, DependencyInfo dependencyInfo) {
         this.standardClasses = standardClasses;
         this.module = module;
         this.functionProvider = functionProvider;
         this.names = names;
         this.functionTypes = functionTypes;
+        this.dependencyInfo = dependencyInfo;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -69,7 +74,11 @@ public class WasmGCStringPool implements WasmGCStringProvider, WasmGCInitializer
         if (initNextStringFunction == null) {
             return;
         }
-        var stringStruct = standardClasses.stringClass().getStructure();
+        if (hasIntern()) {
+            var internInit = functionProvider.forStaticMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class, "<clinit>",
+                    void.class));
+            function.getBody().add(new WasmCall(internInit));
+        }
         for (var str : stringMap.values()) {
             function.getBody().add(new WasmCall(initNextStringFunction, new WasmGetGlobal(str.global)));
         }
@@ -127,7 +136,19 @@ public class WasmGCStringPool implements WasmGCStringProvider, WasmGCInitializer
         function.getBody().add(new WasmStructSet(stringTypeInfo.getStructure(), new WasmGetLocal(stringLocal),
                 WasmGCClassInfoProvider.CLASS_FIELD_OFFSET,
                 new WasmGetGlobal(stringTypeInfo.getPointer())));
+        if (hasIntern()) {
+            var queryFunction = functionProvider.forStaticMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class,
+                    "query", String.class, String.class));
+            function.getBody().add(new WasmDrop(new WasmCall(queryFunction, new WasmGetLocal(stringLocal))));
+            functionProvider.forStaticMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class, "<clinit>",
+                    void.class));
+        }
         module.functions.add(function);
         initNextStringFunction = function;
     }
+
+    private boolean hasIntern() {
+        var intern = dependencyInfo.getMethod(new MethodReference(String.class, "intern", String.class));
+        return intern != null && intern.isUsed();
+    }
 }

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generators/gc/StringGenerator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2024 Alexey Andreev.
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.teavm.backend.wasm.generators.gc;
+
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmFunction;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmLocal;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmCall;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmGetLocal;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
+import org.teavm.model.MethodReference;
+import org.teavm.model.ValueType;
+
+public class StringGenerator implements WasmGCCustomGenerator {
+    @Override
+    public void apply(MethodReference method, WasmFunction function, WasmGCCustomGeneratorContext context) {
+        var worker = context.functions().forStaticMethod(new MethodReference(StringInternPool.class,
+                "query", String.class, String.class));
+        var instanceLocal = new WasmLocal(context.typeMapper().mapType(ValueType.parse(String.class)), "this");
+        function.add(instanceLocal);
+        function.getBody().add(new WasmCall(worker, new WasmGetLocal(instanceLocal)));
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/generators/gc/WasmGCCustomGenerators.java

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ public class WasmGCCustomGenerators implements WasmGCCustomGeneratorProvider {
         fillSystem();
         fillArray();
         fillWeakReference();
+        fillString();
         for (var entry : generators.entrySet()) {
             add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
         }
@@ -79,6 +80,11 @@ public class WasmGCCustomGenerators implements WasmGCCustomGeneratorProvider {
         add(new MethodReference(WeakReference.class, "clear", void.class), generator);
     }
 
+    private void fillString() {
+        var generator = new StringGenerator();
+        add(new MethodReference(String.class, "intern", String.class), generator);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public WasmGCCustomGenerator get(MethodReference method) {
         var result = generators.get(method);

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/intrinsics/gc/StringInternPoolIntrinsic.java

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2024 Alexey Andreev.
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.teavm.backend.wasm.intrinsics.gc;
+
+import org.teavm.ast.InvocationExpr;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.generate.gc.classes.WasmGCClassInfoProvider;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmFunction;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.WasmType;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmBlock;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmCall;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmExpression;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructGet;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmStructSet;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
+import org.teavm.model.ValueType;
+
+class StringInternPoolIntrinsic implements WasmGCIntrinsic {
+    @Override
+    public WasmExpression apply(InvocationExpr invocation, WasmGCIntrinsicContext context) {
+        var entryStruct = context.classInfoProvider().getClassInfo(StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry")
+                .getStructure();
+        switch (invocation.getMethod().getName()) {
+            case "getValue": {
+                var weakRef = new WasmStructGet(entryStruct, context.generate(invocation.getArguments().get(0)),
+                        WasmGCClassInfoProvider.STRING_POOL_ENTRY_OFFSET);
+                return new WasmCall(createDerefFunction(context), weakRef);
+            }
+            case "setValue": {
+                var block = new WasmBlock(false);
+                var instance = context.exprCache().create(context.generate(invocation.getArguments().get(0)),
+                        entryStruct.getReference(), invocation.getLocation(), block.getBody());
+                var value = context.generate(invocation.getArguments().get(1));
+                var ref = new WasmCall(createRefFunction(context), value, instance.expr());
+                block.getBody().add(new WasmStructSet(entryStruct, instance.expr(),
+                        WasmGCClassInfoProvider.STRING_POOL_ENTRY_OFFSET, ref));
+                instance.release();
+                return block;
+            }
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private WasmFunction createRefFunction(WasmGCIntrinsicContext context) {
+        var function = new WasmFunction(context.functionTypes().of(
+                WasmType.Reference.EXTERN,
+                context.typeMapper().mapType(ValueType.parse(String.class)),
+                context.typeMapper().mapType(ValueType.object(StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry"))
+        ));
+        function.setName(context.names().topLevel("teavm@stringRef"));
+        function.setImportModule("teavm");
+        function.setImportName("createStringWeakRef");
+        context.module().functions.add(function);
+        return function;
+    }
+
+    private WasmFunction createDerefFunction(WasmGCIntrinsicContext context) {
+        var function = new WasmFunction(context.functionTypes().of(
+                context.typeMapper().mapType(ValueType.parse(String.class)),
+                WasmType.Reference.EXTERN
+        ));
+        function.setName(context.names().topLevel("teavm@stringDeref"));
+        function.setImportModule("teavm");
+        function.setImportName("stringDeref");
+        context.module().functions.add(function);
+        return function;
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/intrinsics/gc/WasmGCIntrinsics.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.WasmRuntime;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.generate.gc.methods.WasmGCIntrinsicProvider;
 import org.teavm.backend.wasm.model.expression.WasmIntType;
+import org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime.StringInternPool;
 import org.teavm.common.ServiceRepository;
 import org.teavm.model.ClassReaderSource;
 import org.teavm.model.MethodReference;
@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@ public class WasmGCIntrinsics implements WasmGCIntrinsicProvider {
         this.classes = classes;
         this.services = services;
         this.factories = List.copyOf(factories);
-        factories = List.copyOf(factories);
         fillWasmRuntime();
         fillObject();
         fillClass();
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ public class WasmGCIntrinsics implements WasmGCIntrinsicProvider {
         fillFloat();
         fillDouble();
         fillArray();
+        fillString();
         for (var entry : customIntrinsics.entrySet()) {
             add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
         }
@@ -148,6 +149,13 @@ public class WasmGCIntrinsics implements WasmGCIntrinsicProvider {
         add(new MethodReference(Array.class, "getImpl", Object.class, int.class, Object.class), intrinsic);
     }
 
+    private void fillString() {
+        var intrinsic = new StringInternPoolIntrinsic();
+        var className = StringInternPool.class.getName() + "$Entry";
+        add(new MethodReference(className, "getValue", ValueType.parse(String.class)), intrinsic);
+        add(new MethodReference(className, "setValue", ValueType.parse(String.class), ValueType.VOID), intrinsic);
+    }
+
     private void add(MethodReference methodRef, WasmGCIntrinsic intrinsic) {
         intrinsics.put(methodRef, new IntrinsicContainer(intrinsic));
     }

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/backend/wasm/runtime/StringInternPool.java

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2024 Alexey Andreev.
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.teavm.backend.wasm.runtime;
+
+public final class StringInternPool {
+    private static Entry[] table = new Entry[16];
+    private static int occupiedCells;
+    private static int occupiedCellsThreshold = table.length * 3 / 4;
+
+    private StringInternPool() {
+    }
+
+    public static String query(String s) {
+        var hash = s.hashCode();
+        var index = Integer.remainderUnsigned(hash, table.length);
+        var entry = table[index];
+        while (entry != null) {
+            if (entry.hash == hash) {
+                var value = entry.getValue();
+                if (value.equals(s)) {
+                    return value;
+                }
+            }
+            entry = entry.next;
+        }
+
+        if (table[index] == null) {
+            if (++occupiedCells > occupiedCellsThreshold) {
+                rehash();
+            }
+            index = Integer.remainderUnsigned(hash, table.length);
+            if (table[index] == null) {
+                ++occupiedCells;
+            }
+        }
+        table[index] = new Entry(index, hash, table[index], s);
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    private static void rehash() {
+        var oldTable = table;
+        table = new Entry[oldTable.length * 2];
+        occupiedCells = 0;
+        occupiedCellsThreshold = table.length * 3 / 4;
+        for (var value : oldTable) {
+            var entry = value;
+            while (entry != null) {
+                var next = entry.next;
+                var index = Integer.remainderUnsigned(entry.hash, table.length);
+                entry.index = index;
+                entry.next = table[index];
+                if (entry.next == null) {
+                    ++occupiedCells;
+                }
+                table[index] = entry;
+                entry = next;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void remove(Entry entry) {
+        var index = entry.index;
+        Entry previous = null;
+        var e = table[index];
+        while (e != null) {
+            if (e == entry) {
+                if (previous == null) {
+                    table[index] = e.next;
+                    if (e.next == null) {
+                        --occupiedCells;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    previous.next = e.next;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            previous = e;
+            e = e.next;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Entry {
+        int index;
+        final int hash;
+        Entry next;
+
+        Entry(int index, int hash, Entry next, String str) {
+            this.index = index;
+            this.hash = hash;
+            this.next = next;
+            setValue(str);
+        }
+
+        final native String getValue();
+
+        final native void setValue(String str);
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/vm/TeaVM.java

@@ -574,9 +574,11 @@ public class TeaVM implements TeaVMHost, ServiceRepository {
         BasicBlock block = program.basicBlockAt(0);
         Instruction first = block.getFirstInstruction();
         for (String className : classInitializerInfo.getInitializationOrder()) {
-            var invoke = new InvokeInstruction();
+            if (target.filterClassInitializer(className)) {
-            invoke.setMethod(new MethodReference(className, CLINIT_DESC));
+                var invoke = new InvokeInstruction();
-            first.insertPrevious(invoke);
+                invoke.setMethod(new MethodReference(className, CLINIT_DESC));
+                first.insertPrevious(invoke);
+            }
         }
     }
 

core/src/main/java/org/teavm/vm/TeaVMTarget.java

@@ -70,4 +70,8 @@ public interface TeaVMTarget {
     default boolean needsSystemArrayCopyOptimization() {
         return true;
     }
+
+    default boolean filterClassInitializer(String initializer) {
+        return true;
+    }
 }

core/src/main/resources/org/teavm/backend/wasm/wasm-gc-runtime.js

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ TeaVM.wasm = function() {
                 exports.reportGarbageCollectedValue(heldValue)
             }
         });
+        let stringFinalizationRegistry = new FinalizationRegistry(heldValue => {
+            exports.reportGarbageCollectedString(heldValue);
+        });
         imports.teavm = {
             putcharStderr(c) {
                 if (c === 10) {
@@ -57,6 +60,14 @@ TeaVM.wasm = function() {
             },
             deref(weakRef) {
                 return weakRef.deref();
+            },
+            createStringWeakRef(value, heldValue) {
+                let weakRef = new WeakRef(value);
+                stringFinalizationRegistry.register(value, heldValue)
+                return weakRef;
+            },
+            stringDeref(weakRef) {
+                return weakRef.deref();
             }
         };
         imports.teavmMath = Math;